Panel: Is
Green in My Future?
Sponsored by: Daimler Chrysler,
Texas Instruments and GM
SWE National Conference October
2002 – Cobo Center
Detroit, MI
Summary:
How our
environment is impacted by our decisions. Learn what is “green” from the
context of paint, steel, etc. and life cycle management and their impact on the
value of property. Hear how engineering
positions are changing and how the laws and regulations influence us.
Speakers:
- Marilyn J. Dedyne – GM
- Program Manager for Acquisitions and Divestitures, North
America
- Vice President of REALM and ENCORE (GM
subsidiaries)
- Certified Hazardous Material Manager
- Managed international and domestic environmental
remediation
- Susan Yester – DaimlerChrysler Corporation
- Sr. Manager Body Materials Group
- Involved with USCAR Advanced Materials Partnership
and Auto-Steel Partnership to do pre-competitive research
- Has been in materials engineering, program
management and vehicle recycling
- Doris Puig – Texas
Instruments
- Manages environmental compliance with local, state
and federal regulatory agencies.
Regulations:
- EPA began in late 1980’s
- Since the EPA started there has been an exponential
increase in the number of regulations within the number of years it has
been in existence.
- Clean Air Act – 1990
- Clean Water Act
- Toxic Substance Control
- Resource Conservation and Recovery Act
- Community’s Right-to-Know
Definition of “Green”:
There is always a
piece of green in every decision to be made.
Therefore it is very important to have people in environmental and
energy planning. “Green” is a balance
between what we (consumers) want and the environment. It takes creative thinking to come up with
“Green”, cost effective solutions to problems.
Green People/Groups:
In awareness, if not formal
training
- Product Engineers
- Process Engineers
- Facility Engineers
- Materials Engineers
- Aerospace Engineers
- Emissions Testing
- Environmental Engineers
- Life Cycle Analysis
- Structures Engineers
- Electrical Engineers
- Powertrain Engineers
Most of these are
concerned with material selection at a minimum.
Regulations
and Compliance:
Everyone affects
compliance and everyone needs to be aware of the regulations.
- Have to be on top of future regulations
- Different facilities and communities will have
different regulations
- Generating group is always liable for the material’s
life, even if it is sold to another group.
- Generator of waste helps to pay for cleanup even
though it isn’t generator’s property anymore.
- Federal Empowerment Zones – These areas used to have
businesses on them that closed. Now
the government subsidizes the land so that other businesses will want to
develop there.
- Have to be aware of the regulations that global
markets will emphasize or require.
EU wants cars to be 95% recoverable
with a 10% energy directive. Right now
most GM and DaimlerChrysler cars are ~97% recyclable. This is a better percentage than either pop
cans or paper. First all the metals in
the car go to the shredding industry.
Only 20% of the weight of the vehicle goes to a landfill.
Goals of Environmental
Vehicles:
- Average Fuel Economy
- Emission Management
- Recycled Material Content
- Vehicle Recycling
- Safety – not “green” but impacts all the other goals
Car Facts:
- Vehicles are good targets for environmental
regulations because the industry is big, cars are material intensive, they
pollute the environment, and they are easy to target because there aren’t
many large car companies.
- Last 30 Years:
- Fuel efficiency increased
i.
130 % for cars
ii.
75 % for trucks
- 8 lbs of toxic chemicals are released/vehicle in USA over
the vehicle’s lifetime
- The number of consumer miles driven is directly
proportional to the cost of gas. As
gas goes down in price, consumers drive more.
- Consumers continually want bigger cars. This goes against any environmental
goals.
“Green” Technology in
Vehicles:
- Variable Transmission
- Hybrid Propulsion
- Alternative Fuels
- Hydrogen Fuel Cells
- Hydrogen generates electricity and runs the cars
- Emissions are pure H20 and heat
- Are less expensive than average car on market today
- Leasing some in CA next year (Honda)
- GM expects to have these on the road within the
next 10 years
- Need to have an infrastructure where the hydrogen
could be acquired.
- Displacement on Demand
- Powder Paints
- Cheaper
- Lightweight
- Durable
- Lost Foam Casting Process
- Sand does not absorb any toxins in it and therefore
can be reused.
Other Facts:
- A lot of times there is no “greener” substance for
the application needed. Then it
needs to be figured out how to make the substance last longer.
- It is possible to sell used toxic chemicals to other
companies because the chemical being sold may be cleaner or better than
what they are presently buying.
- Need to think beyond terms of product reusability but
of things also used or worn in the process of production.
- A company can recycle carpet, filters, batteries,
packaging, fluorescent lights, foam, bubble wrap, etc
- Environmental groups need to let the employees of the
company know how they are impacting the environment because a lot of the
time people will make environmentally friendly decisions without knowing
that they are environmental.
- All of the engineering disciplines need to get
together and figure out improvement procedures.