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Common law grand juries had a foreman, who administered the oath to witnesses testifying before the grand jury, saw that it received other kinds of evidence and generally ran the grand jury's sessions. Federal grand juries have a "foreperson" and a "deputy foreperson." The deputy takes over when the foreperson cannot attend a grand jury session.
Forty-nine states and the District of Columbia also retain the office of grand jury foreman ("foreperson), but three states--Idaho, Kansas and Wyoming--use the term "presiding juror" rather than foreperson. Connecticut does not need the office grand jury foreperson because it eliminated grand juries composed of citizens and replaced the civilian grand jury with a grand jury that is composed of one judges, who presumably do not need a foreperson to run their affairs.
Of the 50 jurisdictions that have a foreperson/presiding juror, 24 give this officer a deputy. Five states add another officer: In Florida, North Dakota, Oregon and South Dakota, this person is known as the grand jury's clerk; in Nevada he/she is the grand jury's secretary. Federal law does not recognize either position, but grand juries in some federal do choose a secretary, out of local custom.

FP - the state's grand juries have a foreman or foreperson
DF - they also have a deputy foreman or deputy foreperson
PJ - the grand juries are run by a presiding juror
DPJ - they also have a deputy presiding juror
CL - the grand juries have a clerk
SY - the grand juries have a secretary

The last entry for each state is a citation to the statute or court rule that creates the positions at issue.

	FP & DF Ala. R. Crim. P. 12.5(a)
	FP & DF Alaska R. Crim. P. 6(h)
	FP & DF Ariz. R. Crim. P. 12.4(a)
	FP & CL Ark. Code. Ann. §16-85-501(a)-(b)
	FP & DF Cal. Penal Code §§ 912 & 916.1
	FP & DF Colo. Rev. Stat. Ann. §13-72-104
	Not applicable Conn. Gen. Stat. Ann. §54-47(b)(3)
	FP & DF De. Super. Ct. Crim. R. 6(c)
	FP & DF D.C. Sup. Ct. R. Crim. P. 6(c)
	FP, DF & CL Fla. Stat. Ann. §§ 905.08 & 905.13
	FP Ga. Code Ann. §§1 5-12-67(a) & 15-12-100(b)
	FP & DF Haw. R. Penal P. 6(c)
	PJ & DPJ Id R. Crim. P. 6(a)
	FP Ill. Rev. Stat. Ch. 705 ¶305/17
	FP & CL Ind. Code. Ann. § 35-34-2-3(d)
	FP Iowa R. Crim. P. 3(4)(a)
	PJ & DPJ Kan. Stat. Ann. § 22-3004
	FP Ky. Rev. Stat. Ann. § 29a.250 & Ky. R. Crim. P. § 5.04
	FP La. Code Crim. P. Ann. 413(b)-(c)
	FP & DF Maine R. Crim. P. 6(c)
	FP Md. Code Ann., Cts & Jud. Proc. § 9-118(b)
	FP Mass. R. Crim. P. 5(b)
	FP Mich. Comp. Laws Ann. §§767.11 & 767.12
	FP & CL Minn. Stat. §§628.56 & 628.57
	FP Miss. Code Ann. §13-5-45; Unif. R. Cir. & Cty. Ct. 7.02
	FP Mo. Ann. Stat. §540.090
	FP Mont. Code Ann. 46-11-303
	FP Neb. Rev. Stat. § 29-1403
	FP, DF & SY Nev. Rev. Stat. § 172.075
	FP & CL N.H. Rev. Stat. Ann. §§ 600:4 & 600:5
	FP & DF N.J. R. Crim. P. 3:6-4 & N.J. Stat. Ann. § 2a:73-3
	FP N.M. Stat. Ann. § 31-6-2
	FP, DF & SY N.Y. Crim. Pro. Law § 190.20(3) (McKinney 1995)
	FP N.C. Gen. Stat. §15a-622
	FP, DF & CL N.D. Cent. Code §§29-10.1-11 & 29-10.1-15
	FP Ohio R. Crim. P. 6(c) & Ohio Rev. Code Ann. § 2939.02
	FP & CL Okla. Stat. Ann. Tit. 22 §§323 & 328
	FP, DF & CL Or. Rev. Stat. §§132.050 & 132.080
	FP & SY Pa. R. Crim.p. 253(g) & Pa. Cons. Stat. Ann. §4545(c)
	FP & DF R.I. Super. R. Crim. P. 6(a)
	FP & DF S.C. Code Ann. §§ 14-7-1580 & 14-7-1670
	FP, DF & CL S.D. Codified Laws §23a-5-6
	FP Tenn. R. Crim. P. 6(g)
	FP Tex. Crim. Proc. Code Art. 19.34
	FP & DF Utah Code Ann. §77-10a-11(1)
	FP & DF Vt. R. Crim. P. 6(c)
	FP Va. Code. Ann. §§19.2-197 & 19.2.207
	FP & DF Wash. Rev. Code Ann. §10.27.070(1)
	FP & DF W. Va. R. Crim. P. 6(c)
	FP & CL Wis. Stat. Ann. § 756.12
	PJ & DPJ Wyo. R. Crim. P. 6(a)(7)(a)

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